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Annotated Bibliography Essay Example: International Standards

The process of integrating scientists from different countries into a single global scientific community requires practice, to include in the lists of literature used for scientific articles, published and unpublished results of scientific research, and bibliographic descriptions of resources in accordance with uniform rules and methods of the format.

According to the ISBD, nine areas of description are provided. Each area, except the seventh, consists of a set of clearly structured and classified elements:

1. The area of the type of content and type of facility
1.1. Content type
1.2. Type of facility
2. Title and information of responsibility
2.1. Main Title
2.2. Parallel Title
2.3. Information pertaining to the title
2.4. Information of responsibility
3. Area of publication
3.1. Information on the publication
3.2. Parallel information about the publication
3.3. Information of responsibility relating to the publication
3.4. Additional information about the publication
3.5. Information on liability, following the additional information about the publication
4. Specific material area or resource type
4.1. Mathematical basis (Cartographic resources)
4.2. Information about the musical format (the form of the text of the musical score) (sheet music)
4.3. Numbering (Serial Resources)
5. The field of publication, production, distribution, etc.
5.1. Place of publication, production, and/or distribution
5.2. Name of publisher, producer, and/or distributor
5.3. Date of publication, production, and/or distribution
5.4. Place of printing or manufacturing
5.5. Name of printer or manufacturer
5.6. Date of printing or manufacturing
6. Physical Description Area
6.1. Volume
6.2. Other physical characteristics
6.3. Sizes
6.4. Information about the accompanying material
7. Area of a series and a multipart monographic resource
7.1. The main title of the series or multi-part monographic resource
7.2. The parallel title of a series or multipart monographic resource
7.3. Information pertaining to the title of a series or a multipart monographic resource
7.4. Information of responsibility relating to a series or multi-part monographic resource
7.5. ISSN of series or multipart monographic resource
7.6. Issue number of a series or multipart monographic resource
8. Note Area
8.1. Notes on the area type of content and on specific types of material
8.2. Notes on title and responsibility
8.3. Notes on the field of publication and on the bibliographic history of the resource
8.4. Notes to a specific material area or resource type
8.5. Notes on the field of publication, production, distribution, etc.
8.6. Notes on the physical description area
8.7. Notes to the field of a series and a multipart monographic resource
8.8. Notes on content
8.9. Notes to the resource identifier area and availability conditions
8.10. Notes on the issue, parts, iterations, etc., on the basis of which a description is made
8.11. Other notes
8.12. Notes on the features of the existing copy
9. Resource identifier area and availability conditions
9.1. Resource identifier
9.2. Key title (Ongoing resources)
9.3. Terms of availability

Formatting links within the text and citing various sources should be literate and relevant to the standards. According to the growing need to include links to sources, there is a stylistic guide or style guide. This is a guide book with a set of standards and binding requirements for formatting and writing articles in a particular publication or when drawing up documents in an organization. A stylistic guide serves to maintain the style and format consistency.

Formatting styles:

• AAA – American Anthropological Association – anthropology, based on Chicago
• ACS – American Chemical Society – chemistry
• AGPS – Australian Government Publishing Service – official Australian publications (see also USGPO)
• AIP – American Institute of Physics – physics
• ALWD – Association of Legal Writing Directors – legal sources of the USA (less common than the Bluebook)
• AMA – American Medical Association – medicine (see also NLM)
• AMS – American Mathematical Society – mathematics
• AP – Associated Press – journalism, advertising, PR
• APA – American Psychological Association – psychology, business (see also HBA), criminology, economics, pedagogy (including applied linguistics), sociology
• APSA – American Political Science Association – political science, international relations (except ISA journals), based on Chicago
• ASA – American Sociological Association – sociology, based on Chicago
• Bluebook is the most famous legal reference book in the USA
• Business Style Handbook
• Canadian Guide to Uniform Legal Citation (McGill Guide/Uniform Legal Citation) – Canadian standard for citing legal documents
• Chicago – Chicago Manual of Style – Chicago stylistic guide, withstood 16 editions; used as a basic standard for humanitarian publications, on basis of which a number of narrower standards have been developed
• Citing Medicine – see NLM
• CP – Canadian Press – standards of publications in the Canadian press
• CS – Canadian Style – official publications of Canada, guide for certified translators
• CSE – Council of Science Editors – Biology
• Elements of Style
• Elements of Typographic Style
• Fowler’s Modern English Usage
• Gregg Reference Manual – business
• Harvard Business School – business
• IEEE
• ISA – International Studies Association – international relations (ISA magazines)
• ISO 690
• LSA – Linguistic Society of America – linguistics (except applied)
• Maroonbook – legal links, USA and UK; The simplified version of Oxford Standard of Citation of Legal Authorities
• MHRA – Modern Humanities Research Association
• Microsoft Manual of Style
• MLA – Modern Language Association – literature, philosophy, humanities
• NLM (Citing Medicine) – National Library of Medicine – medicine
• New York Times Manual
• Oxford Guide to Style (New Hart’s Rules)
• Sense of Style
• Turabian includes different humanitarian disciplines, based on Chicago
• USGPO – United States Government Printing Office – official US publications

Further we will consider in more detail the most popular of them.

Annotated Bibliography Example – APA

The foundations of this format were laid in 1929, in an article published in one of the psychological bulletins. The latest edition of the manual that helps to write in the APA style includes writing for social sciences, information about structure and content, information how to write concisely and clearly, the mechanics of style, and much more. More information about this style as well as an annotated bibliography APA format example can be found on the official website www.apastyle.org.

Annotated Bibliography Chicago Style Example

This style is used in some social and scientific publications, papers, and in most historical journals. Within the framework of a style, it is possible to mix ways of referencing a source, if the text is clear and consistent. The stylistic guide and a sample of annotated bibliography in Chicago are at www.chicagomanualofstyle.org. For automatic reference format, you can use any of the specialized programs (Endnote, Procite, Zotero, RefWorks, etc.).

Annotated Bibliography Example – MLA

MLA style, or Modern Language Association, gives grammar rules for writing most scientific papers in humanities. These are the norms of formatting and quoting, which are widely used in academics and professional writing. The academic style of МLА is used in the USA, Canada, and other countries to create written works in English, English literature, spelling, and a study of other modern languages or literature, including comparative analysis, literary criticism, media studies, culturology, and related disciplines.

In addition, there is an MLA style guide and a guide to scientific publications which offers an annotated bibliography template of the general format of MLA research papers, citations in the text, end references, and works cited page. More information about this style can be found on the official website www.mla.org.

Sociology Annotated Bibliography Sample – ASA

This style has specific requirements for the organization of material in an academic paper, as well as the location and format of footnotes and bibliographies. The manual is constantly updated. The enumeration of used literature and other sources is placed at the very end of the document after all other sections. You can see in a good annotated bibliography example that the publication date follows immediately after the author’s name or the names of the authors.

The ASA style is supported by most link management programs, including Endnote, Procite, Zotero, RefWorks, and others, which facilitate the formatting of links.

Associated Press Style

The Associated Press style (or AP) is a guide for writing news articles. Most newspapers, magazines, and public relations departments in the US use it. Although some publishing houses, such as The New York Times, have developed their own stylistic directories, knowledge of AP is considered an important requirement for those who want to work in newspaper journalism.

More information about this style can be found at www.apstylebook.com. There is also a guide to the style of Associated Press and other useful information for journalists and editors of publishing houses.

Citing Medicine Style

The style of citing medical publications is determined by the Stylistic Guide of the National Medical Library. It details the requirements for the format of citations and a bibliographic list. This style originated from the Vancouver citation system (author-number) and is used in such electronic databases of medical literature as MEDLINE and Pubmed. Its fields of usage are articles and other forms of publications relating to medicine, pharmaceutics, veterinary medicine, biology, chemistry, and molecular evolution.

Three main sources were taken into account when preparing the guide: Indexing Manual of the National Medical Library MEDLARS, relevant standards of the National Organization of Information Standards, in particular ANSI / NISO Z39.29-2005 bibliographic sources, and some ISO standards. The compiler of the manual is Karen Patrias. In 26 chapters, rules and examples of citation and preparation of a bibliographic list for print and electronic publications are given separately. For more details on the style of citing medical publications, see www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7256.

AMA Style

AMA style (American Medical Association) is designed to format articles published in the journals of the American Medical Association. The style guide is updated by the editors of these journals. The latest version was published by Oxford University. Information about the requirements for formatting takes 1000 pages. The AMA style sets the standards for the format of writing and citing works for authors and editors in the field of medicine and related fields. It is also used fully or in part by hundreds of other scientific journals, textbooks, and students’ papers. Along with the style of APA and the style of the Council of Scientific Editors, this is one of the main stylistic modes for writing such works.

A stylistic guide is available at www.amamanualofstyle.com. You need to pay for subscription. Citation and links in the AMA style are available online at www.citethisforme.com/american-medical-association.

“Elements of Typographic Style” is an authoritative reference book in the field of publishing. The author of the latest edition is the editor, poet, and translator Robert Bringhurst. Originally published in 1992 by the publishers of Hartley and Marx, the book was reprinted seven times. In addition to the history of typography, the book presents a guide to the rules for the format of pages for printing, the general design of books, and the choice of font. Combining practical, theoretical, and historical information, the book is a guide for graphic artists, editors, and other professionals involved in the traditional and digital print business.

Bringhurst’s guide is used by publishing houses of American universities and design studios around the world. Designers call it “the Bible of typographers,” or simply “Bringhurst.” The guide covers a vast range of questions: the basics and subtleties of macro and micro-printing; structure and classification of fonts; selection of visualization and page formats; the usage of diacritics or other symbols; an annotated list of designers and font-casting plants; glossary of glyphs; and terminology.

The experience of Robert Bringhurst as an interpreter allows him to see the text from the point of view of the publisher and to feel it from the point of view of the creator of the text. This combination makes one look at the role of the publisher from an unexpected side.

This post can be used by those who don’t know how to format an annotated bibliography. Along with this article and a guide on how to write an annotated outline, you can find samples, as well as annotated bibliography topics list that can help you. All samples are available on our site for free.